Stage 01Make the first artifact

Start with a question.
End with something you can test.

Create an initial index.html, publish it as a Hugging Face Static Space, and keep the first version visible for later critique.

Student boundary

The water-town case demonstrates the method. Replace its domain, community, dataset, tasks, idioms, evidence, and sources in your own project.

Start my project workspace ↓
Build · define

Write the smallest useful generation prompt

Decide only the domain, data/task abstraction, and one Hugging Face dataset. Validation comes after there is an artifact to inspect.

Worked example · study the method

Waterways as Common Worlds
水乡共生图谱

Domain
Compare the named geographic and water context around Kunshan/Jiangnan and Venice as a starting point for intercultural inquiry.
Community
Students, residents, museum visitors, and international audiences.
Data + task
Locate GeoNames point records on maps and compare the population field for selected settlements.
Your project workspace · replace every field
Prompt 1 Initial index.html
Create one complete index.html for an interactive visualization.

DOMAIN
Build a bilingual digital-humanities experience about Chinese water-town cultural heritage and intercultural exchange for students, residents, museum visitors, and international audiences.

DATA AND TASK
Use https://huggingface.co/datasets/do-me/Geonames
Use a traceable subset containing Kunshan, Zhouzhuang, nearby lakes, Venice, named canals, and the Venetian Lagoon. Show the records on two interactive OpenStreetMap panels. Encode settlements with graduated population circles, keep hydrographic features visually distinct, and add one aligned chart with exact population labels so users do not have to compare circle area alone. Allow users to inspect feature class, feature code, coordinates, population field, elevation/DEM, timezone, and modification date.

TECHNICAL BOUNDARY
Return one complete index.html using browser-compatible HTML, CSS, and vanilla JavaScript. Do not require npm, React, Python, a server, or a build process. Include responsive design, keyboard access, loading and error states, and visible dataset attribution. Use only verified source rows and link each record to its GeoNames page. State that a purposive subset is not exhaustive. Do not infer cultural meaning, ecological change, community needs, or a historical route from place-name records. Do not generate README.md or conduct the critique yet.
Build · publish

Turn the draft into a Static Space

Keep the workflow to three moves. The visible tutorial belongs in the webpage; the README configures and documents the repository.

01

Create

New Space → Static HTML → Public.

02

Add

Place index.html and README.md at the repository root.

03

Test

Open the App and verify loading, interaction, attribution, mobile width, and failure states.

Prompt 2 Static Space conversion
I have attached my generated index.html. Convert it into a Hugging Face Static Space.

Preserve useful interactions; remove React compilation, npm, Python, backend, local-path, and environment-variable dependencies. Use browser-compatible HTML, CSS, and JavaScript with HTTPS resources. Add responsive behavior, keyboard access, readable contrast, alt text, and explicit loading/error states. Keep dataset attribution visible and never present simulated records as source observations.

Return exactly two complete files: index.html and README.md. Configure README.md with sdk: static. Keep the critique for the next stage.
Build · test

Test the case demo against the data it actually uses

Locate exact GeoNames rows on real basemaps, compare the four recorded settlement populations, and see which cultural or environmental claims still need other evidence.

Case demo · verified GeoNames subsetOpen full screen ↗
Stage 02Interrogate the artifact

A polished interface is still only a hypothesis.

Critique the four nested levels, the dataset’s evidence and governance, and the additional sources required by the domain purpose.

Critique · pipeline

Diagnose the right level

Move from upstream purpose to downstream implementation. An algorithm cannot repair the wrong community question or an unsupported data abstraction.

Textbook cheat sheets

What data do you have—and what must a person do with it?

All 113 textbook diagrams ↗
Figure 2.1 · What?Items, attributes, links, positions and grids; tables, networks/trees, fields, geometry and sets; categorical, ordinal and quantitative attributes.Open source PDF ↗
Figure 3.1 · Why?Consume or produce; lookup, locate, browse or explore; identify, compare or summarize—applied to explicit data, attribute, network, or spatial targets.Open source PDF ↗

Source: Tamara Munzner, Visualization Analysis and Design (2014), illustrations by Eamonn Maguire. Reproduced under CC BY 4.0. These are the same textbook cheat sheets cited in the Week 2 slides.

Worked abstraction · case demo

Data: a table of geospatial point records. Name, feature class/code, country, and timezone are categorical; GeoNames ID is an identifier; latitude, longitude, population, elevation, and DEM are quantitative. The selected records can be treated as geometry only after longitude and latitude are explicitly encoded as point positions.

Task: “Locate selected named features” pairs a search action with a spatial target. “Compare recorded settlement population” pairs a query action with a quantitative attribute target. “Compare water cultures” is not supported by these rows alone.

Critique · idiom

Choose the figure through the three-root decision tree

An idiom is the visual form—not the software. Select one root from the audience’s task, then inspect every demonstrated option beneath it.

Start with the audience’s taskChart type follows the decision path

Decision framework: Munzner (2014), Chapters 2–7; course synthesis also draws on Pu & Kay (2023), How Data Analysts Use a Visualization Grammar in Practice ↗. Mini figures are local teaching examples, not claims about a particular dataset.

Critique · algorithm

Choose a computational stack after the idiom

Specify transformation, aggregation, order, missingness, rendering, accessibility, and failure behavior—then select a library suited to that work.

Transform filter · join · derive→Compute aggregate · layout · model→Render + verify encode · interact · test
Map + population comparison
Two linked idioms; two reproducible stacks

            
Algorithm/tool atlas

72 libraries across Python and R

Search a task, idiom, or package. Each card includes a representative figure family and a direct official example or documentation URL.

The thumbnail is a representative output family drawn by this tutorial; follow “Official examples” to inspect output actually produced by each package. A package name is not an algorithmic justification.

Critique · evidence

Use three plain questions, each anchored in the course papers

Do not paste governance terminology. Connect a paper concept to something you actually inspected in the Dataset Card or original source.

01

Can we trace and reproduce it?

Inspect producer, source, revision, fields, collection, license, transformations, and machine-readable metadata.

02

Is it fit for this claim?

Inspect coverage, missingness, measurement, uncertainty, visible distortion, and what the dataset cannot establish.

03

Who benefits, controls, and bears risk?

Inspect authority, consent, cultural context, maintenance, correction, withdrawal, intended use, and downstream responsibility.

Model critique · cite, inspect, delimit

Observed. The Hugging Face Dataset Card exposes a public 14.9-million-row Parquet conversion and identifies CC BY 4.0; the upstream GeoNames dump documents the positional schema. FAIR still requires us to record the exact version, field mapping, selection, and transformation used (Wilkinson et al., 2016; Dataset Card ↗; upstream export ↗).

Inferred. The selected rows make the two locations geographically relevant, but they do not make the dataset sufficient for cultural-heritage or environmental-change claims. A polished paired map could invite viewers to infer symmetry or connection that the records do not establish (Lan & Liu, 2024; Ziman et al., 2026).

Open question. The dataset does not establish whether Kunshan or Venice communities defined the comparison, its benefits, or acceptable reuse. CARE distinguishes technical access from collective benefit and authority to control (Carroll et al., 2021).

Additional evidence

Repair a domain–evidence gap; do not merely add more data

Cultural authority

UNESCO Venice ↗ documents designation context. It cannot represent everyday community experience; Kunshan priorities still require ethical local inquiry.

Environmental change

JRC Global Surface Water ↗ supports long-run water occurrence and change. It cannot establish cause, water quality, or cultural meaning.

Spatial context

OpenStreetMap ↗ supports waterways and places with attribution. Contributor coverage is uneven and features require verification.

Stage 03Make the evidence visible

Redesign the reasoning, not just the surface.

Change the data foundation, idiom, interaction, algorithm, or claim because the critique gave you a reason.

Redesign · response

Show what changed and why

The final Space should let an outside reader see the visualization, provenance, critique, revisions, and remaining limits without opening the README.

First draft

A heritage dataset with no Kunshan–Venice evidence

The earlier case named a cultural-heritage dataset while the visualized corridor did not come from its records.

Evidence-based redesign

Traceable map + magnitude

Exact GeoNames rows now appear on real basemaps, with population compared on a labeled log scale while the interface separates supported geographic context from unsupported cultural and ecological claims.

Prompt 3 Evidence-based redesign
Review my deployed Hugging Face Space: [PASTE URL]. Critique before revising.

1. PIPELINE — Apply Munzner’s four levels: domain; data/task (dataset and attribute types plus action + target); idiom selected through Compare / Understand Variation / Reveal Structure; algorithm/tool with explicit transformations, missingness, rendering, accessibility, performance, and reproducibility.

2. EVIDENCE — Apply and cite the assigned visualization, FAIR, CARE, and Croissant papers. Connect every concept to direct evidence from the Dataset Card or original source. Separate Observed, Inferred, and Open Question statements.

3. REDESIGN — Integrate only additional data that repair a named domain–evidence gap. Return complete revised site files in which the visualization, sources, critique, changes, and remaining limitations are visible on the rendered page—not only in README.md. Never invent dataset availability, community needs, or historical connections.
Redesign · submit

Three conditions for a defensible final Space

This replaces the former long checklist. Each category contains the details another reader must be able to verify.